The Power of The Church and The Crusades

1. The Benedictine monastery was founded at Cluny.

 Return to the basic principles of Christianity.

2. The power of the pope was extended

The church had its own court, tax system, and diplomats.

3. Nearly 500 Gothic cathedrals were built and decorated between 1170 and 1270.

Cathedrals represented the city of god

4. The Byzantine emperor appealed to the Count of Flanders for help.

The Muslims were threatening to conquer the capital of Constantinople.

5. Pope Urban II issued a call for a Crusade.

The goal of his military expedition was to cover Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims Turks.

6. There was an outpouring of support for the First Crusade.

 Kings and the Church saw the Crusades as an opportunity to get rid of quarrelsome  Knights who fought each other and who threatened the peace of the kingdom as well as Church property.

7. Four feudal Crusader states were formed, each ruled by a European noble.

The states were carved out of the land the Crusaders won 

8. Jerusalem remained under Muslim control, though unarmed Christian pilgrims could visit the city's holy places.  

Saladin and Richard the Lion-hearted agreed to a truce in 1192.

9. In Spain, Isabella, and Ferdinand used the Inquisition to suppress heretics.

Isabella and Ferdinand wanted to unify Spain under Christianity and to consolidate their own power.

10. European kings strengthened their own power as a result of the Crusades. 

Thousands of knights lost their lives and their fortunes in the Crusades.

TERMS & NAMES 

simony- the buying or selling of ecclesiastical privileges, for example, pardons or benefices.

Gothic- relating to the Goths or their extinct East Germanic language, which provides the earliest manuscript evidence of any Germanic language (4th–6th centuries AD).

Urban II- was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death

Crusade- were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period

Saladin- was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty

Richard the Lion-Hearted- was King of England from 1189 until his death

Reconquista- was the period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid kingdom of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492

Inquisition- in historical ecclesiastical parlance also referred to as the "Holy Inquisition", was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy. The Inquisition started in 12th-century France to combat religious dissent, in particular, the Cathars and the Waldensians.

2. Which of the events of the Age of Faith do you think was most important to the Church? Explain.

I think that the most important event was when Pope Urban II issued a call for a crusade that was the most important to the church. 

MAIN IDEAS

3. What were the three main causes of the need to reform the Church? 

village priests married and had families, bishops sold positions in the church using lay investiture, and kings appointed church bishops.

4. Which Crusade was the only successful one? 

The first crusade 

5. How did the goals of the Crusades change over the years? 

It went from having religious goals to personal and economic gain